DORA Compliance in Amsterdam

Amsterdam is the Netherlands' financial capital and one of Europe's most important financial hubs, home to ING Group (one of Europe's largest banks by assets), ABN AMRO, and Aegon. Euronext Amsterdam — part of Euronext NV whose headquarters are here — is one of Europe's oldest stock exchanges, listing ASML, Heineken, and Philips. The city is also Europe's largest trading hub for equities and derivatives outside London, with Optiver, IMC, and Flow Traders among the world's leading algorithmic trading firms. DNB (De Nederlandsche Bank) and AFM (Autoriteit Financiële Markten) provide dual supervision.

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€1T+
ING Group total assets
€10B+
Euronext daily trading volume
600+
FinTech companies
120,000+
Financial sector employees

Why DORA matters in Amsterdam

The Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) requires financial entities to implement comprehensive ICT risk management frameworks, including incident reporting, resilience testing, and third-party oversight. Mandatory since January 17, 2025, it applies to over 22,000 financial entities across the EU.

ING Group, processing 38 million customer interactions weekly across 40 countries, represents one of the most complex DORA implementations in the EU — with Art. 17 incident reporting requiring near real-time response. ABN AMRO's 2022 cyber incident demonstrated how quickly ICT disruptions can affect millions of retail customers. The Netherlands was an early adopter of NIS2 transposition; DNB has published detailed DORA guidance and is expected to be one of the most rigorous supervisors. Amsterdam's algorithmic trading firms — processing millions of transactions per second — face the most stringent ICT resilience requirements of any sector. The Dutch FinTech scene (Adyen, Mollie, Bunq) creates a vibrant ecosystem where DORA compliance is a scaling prerequisite.

Supervisory Bodies

DNB (De Nederlandsche Bank), AFM

Key Industries

  • Universal Banking
  • Algorithmic & High-Frequency Trading
  • Asset Management & Insurance
  • FinTech & Payments

Notable financial institutions in Amsterdam

ING GroupABN AMROAegonEuronextOptiverAdyenMollieBunq

DORA Key Requirements

ICT risk management framework (Art. 5-16)
Major incident reporting to BaFin within 4 hours (Art. 17-23)
Threat-led penetration testing / TLPT every 3 years (Art. 24-27)
Register of all ICT third-party providers (Art. 28-44)
Cyber threat information sharing (Art. 45)
ICT business continuity and disaster recovery plans